Aim
Hand hygiene practice is still burdened by inadequate compliance, whether in the professional sphere by health professionals or in the non-professional sphere by lay population. Aim of this study was to map the hand hygiene knowledge and its compliance in the monitored group of people.
Methods
The research was conducted at the Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin of Comenius University in Bratislava (JFM CU) among seventy 3 rd year students of General Medicine (medical study program), and Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health (non-medical study programs). Knowledge of hygienic hand washing according to the WHO guidelines from 2009 was investigated, as well as differences in the level of microbial contamination of hands after routine hand washing between the group that had been acquainted with hand hygiene protocols and the group that had not sufficiently.
Results
The results have shown that 32.9% of the students did not perform hygienic hand washing properly. The differences between the groups of students with and without the proper hand hygiene compliance in routine hand washing were not statistically significant. Conclusion
The results of our survey have suggested that the reasons for decreased compliance with hand washing protocols may be related to forgetting to wash the hands or not being acquainted with hand washing protocols at all. The strategies focused only on one aspect of hand hygiene are, according to scientific literature, ineffective in the long term.

Aim
This study provides a comprehensive review of the current literature on the use of ChatGPT, a generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool, in neurosurgery. The study examines potential benefits and limitations of ChatGPT in neurosurgical practice and education.
Methods
The study involved a systematic review of the current literature on the use of AI in neurosurgery, with a focus on
ChatGPT. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to ensure a comprehensive and transparent review process. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The data extracted from the included studies were analysed and synthesized to provide an overview of the current state of research on the use of ChatGPT in neurosurgery.
Results
The ChatGPT showed a potential to complement and enhance neurosurgical practice. However, there are risks and limitations associated with its use, including question format limitations, validation challenges, and algorithmic bias. The study highlights the importance of validating machine-generated content for accuracy and addressing ethical concerns associated with AI technologies. The study also identifies potential benefits of ChatGPT, such as providing personalized treatment plans, supporting surgical planning and navigation, and enhancing large data processing efficiency and accuracy.
Conclusion
The integration of AI technologies into neurosurgery should be approached with caution and careful consideration of
ethical and validation issues. Continued research and development of AI tools in neurosurgery can help us further understand their potential benefits and limitations. 

Aim Despite advancements in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), morbidity and mortality following ACS remain high. The aim of this study was to actively seek possible predictors of adverse outcomes after ACS aiming to identify high-risk patients promptly.
Methods This retrospective cohort study investigated patients with ACS hospitalized at Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo from 2019 to 2021. Patients were followed up for a period of 12 months post-discharge to assess major cardiovascular events (MACE) and MACE associated independent predictors. 
Results. The study included 121 patients, mostly male 102 (84.3%), with a mean age of 60.83±12.61 years; prevalent risk factors were hypertension 94 (77.7%), dyslipidaemia 84 (69.4%), diabetes mellitus 91 (75.2%), active smoking 67 (55.4%) and positive family history of cardiovascular diseases 81 (66.9%). MACE occurred in 33 (27.3%) patients since the initial ACS, and those patients were older (p=0.012), had higher level of creatinine (p<0.001), lower ejection fraction at discharge (p<0.001) and larger left atrial diameter (p=0.032). Serum creatinine (OR=1.014, 95% CI 1,003-1,026, p=0.017) and ejection fraction (OR=0.924, 95% CI 0,869-0,984, p=0.013) were independent predictors associated with a 12-month follow up MACE following ACS.
Conclusion A monitoring of serum creatinine level, left atrial diameter, and ejection fraction post-acute coronary syndrome as potential indicators of future MACE within a 12-month follow-up period is of great importance. These findings emphasize the need for tailored management strategies to mitigate risks in this patient population.