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Original article

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Predictive factors for biochemical relapse in non-metastatic prostate cancer following primary radiotherapy

By
Amila Kovčić ,
Amila Kovčić

Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Šefika Umihanić ,
Šefika Umihanić

Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hasan Osmić ,
Hasan Osmić

Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Almedina Muhić ,
Almedina Muhić

Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Enida Trumić ,
Enida Trumić

Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Eldar Hamzić ,
Eldar Hamzić

Hospital for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis Travnik, Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Emir Becirovic ,
Emir Becirovic

Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Semir Hadžić ,
Semir Hadžić

Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Amir Bećirović ,
Amir Bećirović

Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Minela Becirovic ,
Minela Becirovic

Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Emir Begagic
Emir Begagic
Contact Emir Begagic

Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Zanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Editor: Besim Prnjavorac

Abstract

Aim To investigate the predictors of biochemical relapse (BCR) among patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy as the first-line therapy. 
Methods The study included 91 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer at the University Clinical Centre in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. After the radiation treatment as the first line of treatment, the patients were monitored for the next 36 months. If patients were classified in medium and high-risk groups, hormone therapy was administered. The occurrence of BCR was determined based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values. Potential prognostic parameters, including Gleason score (GS), PSA, tumour size (TNM), and standardised risk classification (RC), were monitored.
Results A total of 46 (50.5%) patients were aged 66-75, with a median PSA of 14.50 ng/mL. A Gleason score <6 was found in 72 (79.1%) of patients, and 31 (34.1%) had T2c tumours. The BCR occurred in 32 (35.2%) patients, with a median relapse time of 18 months. Significant predictors of BCR were Gleason score ≥6 (OR:4.46; p=0.006) and tumour stage >T2b (OR:3.59; p=0.021). The RC showed an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.634 (p=0.050), indicating its potential diagnostic accuracy.
Conclusion Gleason score ≥6 and TNM>T2b are significant predictors of biochemical relapse in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. These results emphasize the need for additional monitoring and timely treatment of clinical disease progression in patients with Gleason score ≥6 and tumour stage >T2b.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, A.K., Š.U., H.O., A.B. and E.B.; Data curation, A.K. and A.M.; Methodology, A.K. and H.O.; Writing – original draft, A.K., Š.U., A.M., E.T., E.H., E.B., S.H., M.B. and E.B.; Formal Analysis, Š.U. and E.B.; Supervision, Š.U., E.B. and E.B.; Writing – review & editing, Š.U. and E.B.; Investigation, E.T., E.B., A.B., M.B. and E.B.; Resources, E.T., E.H., S.H. and M.B.; Project administration, A.B.; Software, E.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Citation

Funding Statement

No specific funding was received for this study

Authors retain copyright. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Creative Commons License

 

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