Aim To explore the experiences of registered nurses in assessing postoperative pain in hip fracture patients suffering from dementia in nursing homes. Methods The study was designed as a qualitative study using data from a self-reported questionnaire form. Data were collected through the self-administered questionnaire with 23 questions, mainly addressing demographic and social data, information about communication and pain assessment. Results All nurses reported that large part of verbal communication with dementia patients was lost, and non-verbal communication was very important to optimize the care of these patients in postoperative situations. An assessment of pain in patients with dementia and hip fractures was a complex process because cognitive ability of these patients was reduced. Conclusion Registered nurses need to know various and different forms of evaluation and tools to assess the experience of pain in patients with dementia who had undergone surgery for hip fractures. This is a complicated task, which requires a great deal of time, and means that nurses must work together with other medical staff, using a holistic approach.
Zwakhalen S, Hamers J, Abu-Saad H, Berger M. Pain in elderly people with severe dementia: a systematic review of behavioral pain assessment tools. BMC Geriatrics. 2006. p. 1.
5.
Cohen-Mansfield J. Nursing staff members’ assessments of pain in cognitively impaired nursing home residents. Pain Manag Nurs. 2005. p. 68–75.
6.
Cunningham C, William M, Kelly F. The assessment and management of pain in people with dementia in care homes. Nurs Older People. 2010. p. 29–35.
7.
Carr E, Meredith P, Chumbley G, Killen R, Prytherch D, Smith G. Pain: a quality of care issue during patients’ admission to hospital. J Adv Nurs. 2014. p. 1391–403.
8.
Sampson E, White N, Lord K, Leurent B, Vickerstaff V, Scott S, et al. Pain, agitation and behavioural problems in people with dementia admitted to general hospital: longitudinal cohort study. Pain. 2015. p. 675–83.
9.
Oosterman J, Hendriks H, Scott S, Lord K, White N, Sampson. When pain memories are lost: a pilot study of semantic knowledge of pain in dementia. Pain Med. 2014. p. 751–7.
10.
Hedman A, Strömberg L, Grafström M, Heikkilä K. Hip fracture patients’ cognitive state affects family members’ experiences -a diary study of the hip fracture recovery. Scand J Caring Sci. 2011. p. 451–8.
11.
Clark L, Fink R, Pennington K, Jones K. Nurses’ reflections on pain management in a nursing home setting. Pain Manag Nurs. 2006. p. 71–7.
12.
Krupic F, Eisler T, Sköldenberg O, Fatahi N. Experience of anaesthesia nurses of perioperative communication in hip fracture patients with dementia. Scand J Caring Sci. 2016. p. 99–107.
13.
Brorson H, Plymoth H, Örmon K, Bolmsjö I. Pain relief at the end of life: nurses’ experiences regarding end-of-life pain relief in patients with dementia. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014. p. 315–23.
14.
Dihle A, Helseth S, Kongsgaard U, Paul S, Miaskowski C. Using the American Pain Society’s outcome questionnaire to evaluate the quality of postoperative pain management in a sample of Norwegian patients. J Pain. 2006. p. 272–80.
15.
Hartog C, Rothaug J, Goettermann A, Zimmer A, Meissner W. Room for improvement: nurses’ and physicians’ views of a post-operative pain management program. Acta Anaestheiol Scand. 2010. p. 277–83.
16.
Rudolfsson G. The nurse has time for me: the perioperative dialogue: from the perspective of patients. J Adv Perioperative Care. 2003. p. 77–84.
17.
Krupić F, Šadić S, Seffo S, Bišćevic M, Fazlić M, Čustović S, et al. Experience of registered nurses in assessing postoperative pain in hip fracture patients with dementia. Med Glas (Zenica). 2018. p. 75–80.
18.
Travelbee J. Copnehagen: Munksgaard. 2010.
19.
Siemens I, Hazelton L. Communicating with families of dementia patients: practical guide to relieving caregiver stress. CanFam Physician. 2011. p. 801–2.
20.
Beer L, Hutchinson S, Skala-Cordes K. Communicating with patients who have advanced dementia: training nurse aide students. Gerontol Geriatr Educ. 2012. p. 402–20.
21.
Prowse M. Postoperative pain in older people: A review of the literature. J Clin Nurs. 2007. p. 84–97.
22.
Graneheim U, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004. p. 105–12.
23.
Manfredi P, Breuer B, Meier D, Libow L. Pain assessment in elderly patients with severe dementia. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2003. p. 48–52.
24.
Achterberg W, Pieper M, Van Dalen-Kok A, De Waal M, Husebo B, Lautenbacher S, et al. Pain management in patients with dementia. Clin Interv Aging. 2013. p. 1471–82.
25.
Hansebo G, Kihlgren M. Carers’ interactions with patients suffering from severe dementia: a difficult balance to facilitate mutual togetherness. J Clinical Nurs. 2002. p. 225–36.
26.
Miller C. Communication difficulties in hospitalized older adults with dementia. Am J Nurs. 2008. p. 58–66.
27.
Long A, Slevin E. Living with dementia: communicating with an older person and her family. Nurs Ethics. 1999. p. 23–36.
28.
Burns M, Mcilfatrick S. Palliative care in dementia: literature review of nurses’ knowledge and attitudes towards pain assessment. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2015. p. 400–7.
29.
Hadjistavropoulos T, Herr K, Prkachin K, Craig KD, Gibson S, Smith L, et al. Pain assessment in elderly adults with dementia. Lancet Neurol. 2014. p. 1216–27.
30.
Husebo BS, Achterberg W, Lobbezoo F, Kunz M, Lautenbacher S, Kappesser J, et al. Pain in patients with dementia: A review of pain assessment and treatment challenges. Norsk Epidemiologi. 2012. p. 243–51.
31.
Mcauliffe L, Brown D, Fetherstonhaugh D. Pain and dementia: an overview of the literature. Int J Older People Nurs. 2012. p. 219–26.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
,
