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Review paper
Received: 21.06.2019. >> Accepted: 04.07.2019. >> Published: 22.09.2019. Biochemistry
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https://doi.org/10.17392/1054-20

Epidemiology of measles cases and phylogenetic analysis of the virus circulated in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina during 2018: implications for elimination efforts

By
Irma Salimović-Bešić Orcid logo ,
Irma Salimović-Bešić
Contact Irma Salimović-Bešić

Unit for Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Sanjin Musa ,
Sanjin Musa

Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Public Health of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Nijaz Tihić ,
Nijaz Tihić

Department of Microbiology, Polyclinic for Laboratory Diagnostics, University Clinical Centre Tuzla , Tuzla , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Jurica Arapović ,
Jurica Arapović

Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Hospital Mostar , Mostar , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Mirsada Hukić ,
Mirsada Hukić

Institute for Biomedical Diagnostics and Research Nalaz , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

Department of Medical Sciences, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Mensura Šeremet ,
Mensura Šeremet

Unit for Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Edina Zahirović ,
Edina Zahirović

Unit for Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Suzana Arapčić ,
Suzana Arapčić

Unit for Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Amela Dedeić-Ljubović
Amela Dedeić-Ljubović

Unit for Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Abstract

Aim
To present combined measles cases data and phylogenetic analysis of the virus circulated in 2018 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H, the entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina), in order to analyse endemic transmission patterns of circulating strains and its implications for elimination efforts.
Methods
 The data were derived from epidemiological case investigations and laboratory diagnoses based on serology, molecular detection and genotyping of the measles virus.
Results
 During 2018 16 measles cases were reported in FB&H, of which five were classified as laboratory confirmed cases, one was an epidemiologically linked case and 10 were clinically compatible cases. Among them 12 (75.00%) cases were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status. The most affected population was up to 14 years of age (13/16; 81.25%). None of the cases was fully vaccinated. Viruses of other genetic lineages had been introduced in FB&H in the recent period. Two virus lineages of genotype B3 were identified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the presence of a unique sequence of measles B3 virus in FB&H (Sarajevo).
Conclusion
 Further strengthening of measles surveillance system and renewed efforts to increase vaccination levels are necessary to prevent disease and for elimination setting.

Keywords:

genotype,
measles virus,
phylogeny,
vaccination,
virus diseases

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