Aim To determine stereological structural parameters of the parenchymal part of the placenta, placental weight and volume of adolescent pregnant women and their correlation with newborns' birth weight. Methods This prospective study was conducted on a total of 60 human placentas of term pregnancy, divided into two groups according to the age of pregnant women. Experimental group consisted of 30 placentas of pregnant women aged 13-19 years. Control group consisted of 30 placentas of pregnant women aged 20-35 years. Stereological analysis was performed. Results Volumetric density of terminal villi of adolescent placentas was significantly higher than the one of control group (p <0.0001). The volumetric density of fibrinoid of adolescent placentas was significantly lower than of the control group (p <0.0001). Total volume of terminal villi of adolescent placentas was significantly higher than of the control group (p<0.0001). The total volume of fibrinoid of adolescent placentas was significantly lower than of the control group (p<0.0001). Newborns of adolescent pregnancies had in average lower birth weight of 439.01 g compared to the newborns of the control group (p <0.00001). Conclusion Adolescent pregnancy affects placental structure, weight and volume. Newborns of adolescent pregnancy have optimal body weight.
Deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region. 18AD;2000–15.
2.
Socolov D, Iorga M, Carauleanu A, Ilea C, Blidaru I, Boiculese L, et al. Pregnancy during adolescence and associated risks: An 8-year hospital-based cohort study (2007-2014) in Romania, the country with the highest rate of teenage pregnancy in Europe. BioMed Res Int. 2017;9205016.
3.
Sedgh G, Finer L, Bankole M, Eilers A, Singh S. Adolescent pregnancy, birth, and abortion rates across countries: levels and recent trends. J Adolesc Health. 2015;223–30.
4.
Moreira A, Sousa P, Sarno F. Low birth weight and its associated factors. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2018;4251.
5.
Marković S, Bogdanović G, Cerovac A. Premature and preterm premature rupture of membranes in adolescent to adult pregnancy. Med Glas (Zenica). 2020;18–22.
6.
Every Woman Every Child. The global strategy for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health. 2016;
7.
Kassa M, Arowojolu G, Odukogbe A, Yalew A, A. Prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Africa: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Reprod Health. 2018;195.
8.
Hayward C, Greenwood S, Sibley C, Baker P, Jones R. Effect of young maternal age and skeletal growth on placental growth and development. Placenta. 2011;990–8.
9.
Salavati N, Smies M, Ganzevoort W, Charles A, Erwich J, Plosch T, et al. The possible role of placental morphometry in the detection of fetal growth restriction. Front Physiol. 2019;1884.
10.
Balihallimath R, Shirol V, Gan A, Tyagi N, Bandankar M. Placental morphometry determines the birth weight. J Clin and Diagn Res. 2013;2428–31.
11.
Burton G, Reshetnikova O, Milovanov A. Teleshova OV. Stereological evaluation of vascular adaptations in human placental villi to differing forms of hypoxic stress. Placenta. 1996;49–55.
12.
Dairi A, Elbarrany W, Moulana A, Himayda A, Hakeem I. Quantitative morphometric study of the chorionic villi in hypertensive mothers. Egyptian J Hospital Med. 2017;2315–22.
13.
Mayhew T, Bowles C, Orme G. A stereological method for testing whether or not there is random deposition of perivillous fibrin-type fibrinoid at the villous surface: description and pilot applications to term placentae. Placenta. 2000;684–92.
14.
Haeussner E, Schmitz C, Frank H. Edler von Koch F. Novel 3D light microscopic analysis of IUGR placentas points to a morphological correlate of compensated ischemic placental disease in humans. Sci Rep. 2016;24004.
15.
Lahti-Pulkkinen M, Cudmore M, Haeussner E, Schmitz C, Pesonen A, Hamalainen E, et al. Placental morphology is associated with maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and Toddler psychiatric problems. Sci Rep. 2018;791–803.
16.
Kališnik M. Temelji stereologije. Ljubljana: Društvo za stereologijo in kvantitativno analizo slike. DSKAS. 2002;
17.
Muratović S, Skokić F, Fatušić Z, Nevačinović E. Birth weight, length and head circumference percentiles by gestational age and gender of term neonates in Tuzla canton. Acta Medica Saliniana. 2011;45–51.
18.
Balihallimath R, Shirol V, Tyagi N, Gan A, Desai S. Maternal determinants of placental morphometry and birth weight. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2015;508–15.
19.
Ashgarnia M, Poorghorban M, Atrkar-Roshan Z. Placental weight and its association with maternal and neonatal characteristics. Acta Med Iran. 2008;467–72.
20.
Zaidi T, Arshad M, Vasenwala S, Faruqi N, Khan A, Khan S. Histomorphometry of preterm and term human placentas. Int J Morphol. 2013;409–13.
21.
Mayhew T. Stereology and the placenta: where’s the point? -a review. Placenta. 2006;17–25.
22.
Burton G, Fowden A. The placenta; a multifaceted, transient organ. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2015;
23.
Burton G, Jauniaux E. What is the placenta? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;6–8.
24.
Nevačinović E, Cerovac A, Bogdanović G, Grgić G. Perinatal characteristics and prevalence of low birth weight infants in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: prospective multicentric study. Med Glas (Zenica). 2019;92–7.
25.
Gausman J, Langer A, Austin S, Subramanian S. Contextual variation in early adolescent childbearing: A multilevel study from 33,822 communities in 44 low-and middle-income countries. J Adolesc Health. 2019;737–45.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
,
