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Review paper
Received: 24.10.2019. >> Accepted: 13.02.2019. >> Published: 12.07.2020. Biochemistry
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https://doi.org/10.17392/1095-20

The effect of roselle flower petals extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) on reducing inflammation in dextran sodium sulfateinduced colitis

By
Masrul Lubis Orcid logo ,
Masrul Lubis
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Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara , Medan , Indonesia

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Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ,
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara , Medan , Indonesia

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Hakim Bangun ,
Hakim Bangun

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara , Medan , Indonesia

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Syafruddin Ilyas
Syafruddin Ilyas

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara , Medan , Indonesia

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Abstract

Aim
To determine the effect of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) petals in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model by measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines expressions (IL-6, and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-10) and histological colitis inflammation score (HCIS).
Methods
This study was conducted in two phases. For the first phase, five DSS-induced colitis mice were sacrificed (group 1) and compared with six healthy mice (group 2) after five-cycle induction (70 days). For the second phase, roselle-treated DSS-induced colitis mice were sacrificed on day 7, 14, 21, and 28 after induction and compared with mesalazine-treated DSS-induced colitis mice. Expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were determined by immunohistochemistry and HCIS were assessed by two experienced pathologists.
Results
 The expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10, and HCIS in DSS-induced colitis mice were increased compared with control. The expressions of IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in roselle-treated group on day 7 and 14, but not on day 21 and 28, whereas, the expression of IL-10 was significantly lower only on day 7 compared with mesalazine-treated group. The inflammation was higher in roselle-treated group assessed by using HCIS. Compared to day 0, the reduction of HCIS was significant in roselle-treated and mesalazine-treated groups.
Conclusion
Roselle flower petal can attenuate the inflammation in DSS-induced colitis in mice. The extract of roselle can be given as an adjuvant therapy to the first-line therapy to enhance anti-inflammatory effect by increasing expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Keywords:

anti-inflammatory,
cytokines,
immunohistochemistry,
inflammatory bowel disease,
plant extract

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