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Review paper
Received: 04.02.2019. >> Accepted: 05.02.2019. >> Published: 10.05.2019. Biochemistry
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https://doi.org/10.17392/1008-19

Anal canal squamous cell cancer: surgıcal therapy, when?

By
Selcuk Kaya Orcid logo ,
Selcuk Kaya
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Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey

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Onder Altın ,
Onder Altın

Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey

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Yunus Emre Altuntas ,
Yunus Emre Altuntas

Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey

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Gokhan Yaprak ,
Gokhan Yaprak

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey

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Hasan Fehmı Kucuk
Hasan Fehmı Kucuk

Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey

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Abstract

Aim
To describe a therapeutic approach, indications for abdominoperineal resection (APR), survival and oncological results for patients who received treatment in our surgical clinic for anal canal squamous cell cancer (SCC).
Methods
Patients were randomized into two groups according to the treatment method: Group 1-Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) without surgery, Group 2-CRT + APR.
Results
 Eighteen patients with anal canal SCC were included in the study; 11 (61.1%) patients were in Group 1 and 7 (38.8%) in Group 2. Reasons for APR was as follows: three patients had insufficient CRT, two had recurrence after CRT, one had complete faecal incontinence and one patient had rectovaginal fistula. Overall five year survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) was 77.7% and 72.7%, respectively. Comparing two groups five year OS was 90.9% and 57.1%, whereas DFS was 81.8%, 57.1%, respectively (p=0.389 and 0.324, respectively).
Conclusion
 Gold standard therapy for anal canal SCC is CRT. However, APR should be applied as an escape treatment for patients suffering from tumour progression, insufficient CRT and recurrence (30%).

Keywords:

abdominoperineal resection,
local excision,
Nigro protocol

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