Aim To determine dietary habits of elementary school students in relation to a place of living and socioeconomic status of the family. Methods A prospective study conducted in the Primary Health Center Zenica involved five family medicine teams in urban and five in rural settlement during 2015. Elementary school students aged 10-16 were interviewed by random selection using a questionnaire on the socioeconomic status of parents and nutritional habits of adolescents. Results The survey involved 199 respondents, 103 from rural and 96 from urban area. There were significantly more pupils from employed parents who consumed non-carbonated drinks. Students from urban areas more likely consumed fruit every day than children from rural areas. More than half of the respondents did not or rarely consumed vegetables, in this case the village pupils, who consumed much less milk. It would be expected that rural students were more likely to consume fruits, vegetables and milk due to easier access to these foods in the countryside, but the results of this research did not confirm this assumption. Conclusion Changes in traditional family functioning (lower income, unemployment) could be linked with lifestyle changes (low consumption of fruits and vegetables, low consumption of milk both in rural and urban areas, consumption of carbonated drinks), especially in families in rural areas.
Abazović E, Hasanbegović S, Kovačević E, Okanović I, Kazazović E, Ademaj Z, et al. Obesity in primary school children in Sarajevo Canton: The results of a survey conducted on 33,200 children. Science and Youth of Sarajevo Canton. Ministry of Health of Sarajevo Canton; 2016.
2.
Holstein E, Currie C, Boyce W, Damsgaard T, Gobina I, Kökönyei G, et al. HBSC Social Inequalities Focus Group. Socio-economic inequality in multiple health complaints among adolescents: international comparative study in 37 countries. Int J Public Health. 2009. p. 260–70.
3.
Lesco G. Behavioral and social determinants of adolescent health: Summary report of the health behaviors in school-aged children (HBSC) study in the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau. Ministry of Health of Republic Moldova, WHO Regional office for Europe. 2015.
4.
Stevanović R, Capak K. Istraživanje o zdravstvenom ponašanju učenika. Osnovni pokazatelji zdravlja i dobrobiti učenika i učenica u Hrvatskoj. Croatian Public Health Institute; 2013.
5.
Degać A. Croatian food policy. Zagreb: Croatian Institute of Health. 2001.
6.
Capak K, Colić-Barić I, Musić-Milanović S, Petrović G, Pucarin-Cvetković J, Jureša V, et al. Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia. 2013.
7.
Zulić E. Nutrition habits of school children in the Zenica-Doboj Canton as a public health problem. Zenica. 2015.
8.
Paklarčić M, Kukić E, Karakaš S, Osmani Z. Kerić E. Nutrition and differences in the diet of school children in urban and rural areas in the municipality of Travnik. Food in Health and Diseases. 2013. p. 50–7.
9.
Ivanušec M. Nutrition of children in elementary school. 2015.
10.
Grosso G, Marventano S, Nolfo F, Rametta S, Bandini L, Ferranti R, et al. Personal eating, lifestyle, and familyrelated behaviors correlate with fruit and vegetable consumption in adolescents living in sicily, southern Italy. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013. p. 355–66.
11.
Hoffmann K, Bryl W, Marcinkowski J, Rzesoś A, Wojtyła E, Pupek-Musialik D. Dietary behaviours of adolescents from urban and rural areas in the district of Szamotuły -a preliminary study. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2012. p. 103–7.
12.
Shi Z, Kumar L, Holmboe-Ottesen B, G. Socio-demographic differences in food habits and preferences of school adolescents in Jiangsu Province, China. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005. p. 1439–48.
13.
Mancino L, Todd J, Lin G, B. How food away from home affect children’s diet quality. Washington: US Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service. 2010.
14.
Rawal L, Biswas T, Khandker N, Saha S, Chowdhury B, Khan M, et al. Noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors and diabetes among adults living in slum areas of Dhaka. Plos One. 2017. p. 184967.
15.
Semba R, Moench-Pfanner R, Sun K, Pee S, Akhter N, Rah J, et al. Consumption of micronutrientfortified milk and noodles is associated with lower risk of stunting in preschool-aged children in Indonesia. Food Nutr Bull. 2011. p. 347–53.
16.
Minaker L, Mccargar L, Lambraki I, Jessup L, Driezen P, Calengor K, et al. School region socio-economic status and geographic locale is associated with food behaviour of Ontario and Alberta adolescents. Can J Public Health. 2006. p. 357–61.
17.
Xavier I, Hardman C, Andrade M, Barros M. Frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks: a comparative study among adolescents in urban and rural areas. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014. p. 371–80.
18.
Currie C, Gabhainn S, Godeau E, Roberts C, Smith R, Currie D, et al. Barnekow V. Inequalities in young people’s health: health behavior in school-aged children -International report from the 2005/2006 survey. WHO Regional office for Europe; 2008.
19.
Halimić Š. Result analysis of the youth needs and problems research in Sarajevo Canton. Sarajevo: Ministry of Education, Science and Youth of Sarajevo Canton. 2016.
20.
Villa J, Silva A, Santos T, Ribeiro A, Pessoa M, Sant ’, et al. Dietary patterns of children and socioeconomical, behavioral and maternal determinants. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2015. p. 303–10.
21.
Kollataj W, Sygit K, Sygit M, Karwat I, Kollataj B. Eating habits of children and adolescents from rural regions depending on gender, education, and economic status of parents. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2011. p. 393–7.
22.
Lutfiyya M, Chang L, Lipsky M. A cross-sectional study of US rural adults’ consumption of fruits and vegetables: do they consume at least five servings daily? BMC Public Health. 2012. p. 280.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
,
