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Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya , Malang , Indonesia
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya , Malang , Indonesia
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brawijaya , Malang , Indonesia
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brawijaya , Malang , Indonesia
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brawijaya , Malang , Indonesia
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Brawijaya , Malang , Indonesia
Objective: This study aims to analyze the effects of Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) and short-wave Diathermy (SWD) on the Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)/Albumin ratio, Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI), IL-8 levels, and length of stay (LOS) in hospitalized pneumonia patients.
Material and method: This is a randomized experimental study with a pre-post control group structure. The study included 24 pneumonia patients who were treated at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital and Lawang General Hospital between 2022 and 2023. For 5 days, subjects were separated into three groups: control, intervention (PR only), and intervention (PR and SWD). The data were examined by comparing the deltas of each group. PSI and CURB-65 were used to calculate severity indices and blood samples were obtained before and after the intervention to determine the BUN/Albumin ratio and IL-8 levels.
Results: There was a significant decrease in the BUN/Albumin ratio after the intervention (p=0.03). IL-8 levels and LOS showed a decreasing trend, although not statistically significant (p=0.208; p=0.249). There was a substantial correlation between PSI and IL-8 and the BUN/Albumin ratio (p=0.015; p=0.002; p=0.001).
Conclusion: This study highlights reduced IL-8 levels, the BUN/Albumin ratio, and a shorter LOS in pneumonia patients receiving PR and SWD therapy for 5 days. This study reinforces the evidence that PR and SWD can serve as adjunctive therapies for patients with pneumonia.
Conceptualization, C.C.P. and Y.E.W.; Methodology, C.C.P. and R.R.; Resources, C.C.P.; Writing – original draft, C.C.P. and Y.E.W.; Funding acquisition, Y.J.R.S. and Y.E.W.; Supervision, Y.J.R.S.; Writing – review & editing, Y.J.R.S.; Data curation, I.N.C.; Investigation, I.N.C.; Validation, I.N.C. and R.R.; Project administration, A.S.L.; Software, A.S.L.; Visualization, A.S.L.; Formal Analysis, R.R. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital [grant no:800/22289/102.7/2022] supports this work.
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